Failure budget

Retries amplify load exactly when the system can least afford it. Implement static int AmplifiedLoad(int clients, int baseAttempts, int retryMultiplier) returning total requests: clients × baseAttempts × (1 + retryMultiplier). Then implement static bool WithinBudget(int total, int budget) and a static string Verdict(int clients, int baseAttempts, int retryMultiplier, int budget) returning "ok" if within, "overload" otherwise. The graded insight: 1000 clients × 1 call × 5 retries = 6000 requests — the retry storm is arithmetic, not bad luck.